A noisemaker used on Purim during the reading of the Book of Esther to drown out the sound of the name of the villain, Haman.
How to make your own noisemaker
Brodt, Eliezer. “The Pros and Cons of Making Noise When Haman’s Name is Mentioned: A Historical Perspective (updated).” The Seforim Blog, 22 Mar. 2016.
Epstein, Shifra. Purim: The Face and the Mask: Fine Art, Folk Art, Megillot, Ceremonial Objects, Booksm Masks and Photographs. New York: Yeshiva University Museum, 1979, pp. 31, 74-5, nos. 152-81e.
Malul, Chen. “How does one drown out the name of the most hated, evil man in the Megillah? By making good use of a Christian folk tradition of course! », The Librarians, Blog of the National Library of Israel, 2020.
Reuter, Mimi. הכאת המן וביטוייה בתרבות החומרית בקהילות אשכנז באירופה ובתרבות היהודית המתחדשת בארץ : מסורת וחידוש [The Smiting of Haman in the Material Culture of Ashkenazi Communities: Developments in Europe and the Revitalized Jewish Culture in Israel – Tradition and Innovation]. Hebrew University of Jerusalem, PhD dissertation, 2004.
Sperber, Daniel. Keitzad Machim et Haman? [How to Strike Haman?]. Jerusalem: Bar-Ilan University, 2002.
Zvi Kalman, David. “The Strange and Violent History of the Ordinary Grogger.” The Jewish Forward – News that Matters to American News, 20 Mar 2016.
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