Substitutes for money, mainly for charitable purposes.
Eklund, O.P. “Charity Tokens of the Netherlands,” The Numismatist, vol. 60, December 1947, pp. 867–875; vol. 61, January 1948, pp.19–28.
Kindler, A. “Jewish Community Tokens with Hebrew Inscriptions [Hebrew].” Alon-Internal Quarterly of the Israel Numismatic Society, vol. V, no. 3 (April), 1974, pp. 47– 60, Plates, I & II.
Kirschner, Bruno. “Judaica in Nummis,” Monatschrift für Geschichte und Wissenschaft des Judentums 83 (1939) 590-605.
Kisch, Bruno. “Jewish Community Tokens, a Neglected Field in Jewish Numismatics,” Historia Judaica 13 (1953), 167-182, 4 plates.
Rezak, Ira. “Numismatic Evidence of Jewish Communal Life in Poland,” Scripta Judaica Cracoviensia, vol. 16, 2018, pp. 1-14. https://doi.org/10.4467/20843925SJ.18.001.10815.
Wolf, Albert, “Jüdische Medaillen,” Mitteilungen der Gesellschaft für jüdische Volkskunde XIII (1904) 51-62, 9 plates.
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