(Gemilut chasadim tokens)
Personalized identification tokens that facilitated the entry of members of burial and gemilut chasadim societies in and out of ghettos and into private homes.
Kirschner, Bruno, Judaica in Nummis, Monatschrift fuer Geschichte und Wissenschaft des Judentums 83 (1939) 590-605.
Kisch, Bruno, Jewish Community Tokens, a Neglected Field in Jewish Numismatics, Historia Judaica 13 (1953), 167-182, 4 plates.
Rezak, Ira, Jewry Reflected, Refracted and Recorded on Medals. New Yoek, Center for Jewish History, 2024.
Wolf, Albert, Juedische Medaillen Mitteilungen der Gesellschaft fuer juedische Volkskunde XIII (1904) 51-62, 9 plates.
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